{"id":28978,"date":"2026-10-21T20:48:31","date_gmt":"2026-10-21T17:48:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/?p=28978"},"modified":"2026-10-21T20:48:31","modified_gmt":"2026-10-21T17:48:31","slug":"%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%b7%d8%b1%d9%8a-%d8%a8%d8%ac%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%b8-87","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/?p=28978","title":{"rendered":"\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0631 &#8220;\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0645\u062a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0631 &#8220;\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062c\u0633\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629..<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u06cc \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0628\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645: \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0635 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0637\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-28981\" src=\"https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2026\/10\/2-7-300x197.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"197\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2026\/10\/2-7-300x197.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2026\/10\/2-7-600x394.jpg 600w, https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2026\/10\/2-7-768x505.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2026\/10\/2-7.jpg 1056w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-28982\" src=\"https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2026\/10\/3-1-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2026\/10\/3-1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2026\/10\/3-1-600x450.jpg 600w, https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2026\/10\/3-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2026\/10\/3-1.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-28983\" src=\"https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2026\/10\/4-1-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2026\/10\/4-1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2026\/10\/4-1-600x450.jpg 600w, https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2026\/10\/4-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2026\/10\/4-1.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-28984\" src=\"https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2026\/10\/5-1-300x189.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"189\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2026\/10\/5-1-300x189.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2026\/10\/5-1-600x379.jpg 600w, https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2026\/10\/5-1-768x485.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2026\/10\/5-1.jpg 879w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-28985\" src=\"https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2026\/10\/6-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2026\/10\/6-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2026\/10\/6-600x450.jpg 600w, https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2026\/10\/6-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2026\/10\/6-1536x1153.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2026\/10\/6.jpg 1599w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0645\u062a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 &#8230; <a class=\"cz_readmore cz_readmore_no_icon\" href=\"https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/?p=28978\"><span>\u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":48,"featured_media":28986,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28978","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-5"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28978","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/48"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=28978"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28978\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28987,"href":"https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28978\/revisions\/28987"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/28986"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=28978"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=28978"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vm.qu.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=28978"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}